TuberID

Taxon

Species ID

Species Name

Tuber melanosporum

Clade

Melanosporum

Index Fungorum Record

192144

MycoBank ID

152394

Fungal Names ID

192144

Catalogue of Life Record

59HZX

GBIF Record

5258468

Synonyms

Edible

Authorship

Vittad.

Author Names

Vittadini C.

Reference

Monogr. Tuberac. (Milano): 44

First Description (Year)

1831

Ascocarp

Odour

Intense, complex, pleasant

Ascocarp Form

globose or irregular

Ascocarp Size (cm)

3-5 up to 10

Peridium

External Morphology (Peridium)

warty

Peridium Color

reddish brown, then reddish black or brownish black

Wart Morphology

pyramidal warts depressed at the apex, with 4-6 sides

Wart Size (cm)

2-5

Gleba

Gleba Color at Maturity

reddish-gray to black-purple or black with violet hues

Gleba Aspect

marbled, with sterile veins thin, branched, whitish

Spores

Spore Form

ellipsoidal

Spore Minimum Length (μm)

Spore Maximum Length (μm)

Spore Minimum Diameter (μm)

Spore Maximum Diameter (μm)

Spore color

yellow-brown to intense brown, blackish

Spore ornamentation

black-dark brownish spines, short, robust and rigid, sometimes curved

Spore ornamentation height (µm)

1.5-3.0

Spore ornamentation diameter (µm)

Mycorrhiza (ECM)

ECM Form

cylindrical or club shaped with rounded end. Simple or ramified. Monopodial pinnate or monopodial piramidal (Angiosperm host). Dichotomous (Gymnosperm host)

ECM color (young)

yellow-ochre

ECM color (mature)

brown

Cystidia form

needle like, simple or more often with dichotomous or right-angle ramifications, pluriseptate

Cystidia color

yellow

Cystidia Length (µm)

200-300

Cystidia Basal Diameter (µm)

3-4.5

Cystidia Position

Method #17 - Marker: ITS

Forward Primer

(ITSML) TGGCCATGTGTCAGATTTAGTA

Melting Temp (°C)

Reverse Primer

(ITS4LNG) TGATATGCTTAAGTTCAGCGGG

PCR Product Size (bps)

436

MgCl₂ Conc.

4 mM

Additives in mixture

PCR cycles

95 °C 3 min, 23 cycles (94 °C 30 s, 63 °C 30 s, 72 °C for 45 s), final extension 72 °C 7 min.

Reference

Paolocci F, Rubini A, Granetti B, Arcioni S (1997). Typing Tuber melanosporum and Chinese black truffle species by molecular markers.. FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol. 153, pp. 255-260. - doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb12582.x

Method #18 - Marker: ITS

Forward Primer

(Mela-fw) ACGACGGACTTTATAAACGGTTATAA

Melting Temp (°C)

Reverse Primer

(Mela-rv) AGCGGGTATCCCTCCCTGATT

PCR Product Size (bps)

141

MgCl₂ Conc.

Additives in mixture

PCR cycles

95 °C 5 min, 30 cycles (95 °C 20 s, 60 °C for 45 s), final extension 72 °C 10 min.

Reference

Schelm S, Siemt M, Pfeiffer J, Lang C, Tichy H-V, Fischer M (2020). Food authentication: identification and quantitation of different Tuber species via capillary gel electrophoresis and real-time PCR.. Food , vol. 9, pp. 501. - doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9040501

Method #19 - Marker: ITS

Forward Primer

(T.mel_for) TTGCTTCCACAGGTTAAGTGA

Melting Temp (°C)

Reverse Primer

(T.mel_rev) TAAAGTCCGTCGTTCATGC

PCR Product Size (bps)

351

MgCl₂ Conc.

1.5 mM

Additives in mixture

BSA (0.8 mg/ml)

PCR cycles

95 °C 15 min, 30 cycles (95 °C 2 min, 55 °C for 30 s, 72 °C for 30 s), final extension 72 °C 7 min.

Reference

Bonito G. (2009). Fast DNA-based identification of the black truffle Tuber melanosporum with direct PCR and species-specific primers. . FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol. 301, pp. 171-175. - doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2009.01812.x

**Database for morphological and molecular identification of Tuber species**

Tuber melanosporum

Taxon

Ascocarp

Peridium

Gleba

Spores

Mycorrhiza (ECM)

Hosts

Host #1

Host #2

Host #3

Host #5

Host #6

Host #7

Host #8

Host #9

Host #23

Host #24

Host #25

Molecular Identification Methods

Method #17 - Marker: ITS

Method #18 - Marker: ITS

Method #19 - Marker: ITS

Contents